THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS, STRESS LEVELS, AND SLEEP QUALITY WITH THE INCIDENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE WORKING AREA OF PARON COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER

Abstract

Based on the 2021 Ngawi Health Profile data, the highest prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was recorded at Paron Community Health Center (Puskesmas Paron), with 2,558 cases. Type 2 DM remains a serious health issue in Indonesia, including in the working area of Puskesmas Paron. Various factors could influence the occurrence of this disease, such as nutritional status, stress levels, and sleep quality. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status, stress levels, and sleep quality with the incidence of Type 2 DM in the working area of Puskesmas Paron, conducted from January to February 2025. This observational study used a case-control design, with the sample size calculated using Lemeshow's formula, resulting in a total of 106 participants, consisting of 53 individuals in the case group and 53 individuals in the control group. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling, specifically purposive sampling. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer, while stress levels and sleep quality were assessed using standardized questionnaires, namely PSS-10 and PSQI. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square statistical test. The study results, based on respondent characteristics, show that the majority were female and aged 40-65 years. The educational background of the case group was primarily elementary school, while the control group mostly had a high school education. Most respondents worked as laborers or farmers in both the case and control groups, and the duration of Type 2 DM diagnosis was less than five years. The findings indicate a significant relationship between nutritional status (p-value = 0.010; OR = 3.061), stress levels (p-value = 0.004; OR = 3.494), and sleep quality (p-value = 0.010; OR = 3.120) with the incidence of Type 2 DM in the working area of Community Health Center Paron. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between nutritional status, stress levels, and sleep quality with the incidence of Type 2 DM in the working area of Puskesmas Paron.

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