ANALYSIS OF UNSAFE ACTIONS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS USING THE PARETO PRINCIPLE IN ONSHORE RIG DRILLING ACTIVITIES AT PT PERTAMINA DRILLING SERVICES INDONESIA
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Abstract
Onshore drilling activities pose high safety risks and require identifying unsafe actions and conditions to prevent accidents. This study aimed to identify the categories, types, and forms of unsafe actions and unsafe conditions, and to determine control priorities based on Pareto analysis of the types found in drilling activities at Onshore Rig PDSI #05.2/OW760-M, PT Pertamina Drilling Services Indonesia. This research used a quantitative descriptive method with a retrospective approach, based on secondary data documented in the Occupational Safety Observation (PEKA) program. Data were analyzed using the 3P classification (People, Process, and Plant), followed by Pareto analysis of finding types to determine control priorities. Of 1,614 total findings, 605 (37%) were unsafe actions and 1,009 (63%) were unsafe conditions. The Plant category dominated overall findings (63%), while among unsafe actions, the People category was most dominant (24%). For the finding types, Equipment and Materials Usage was the most frequent unsafe action type (27.27%), while Work Environment was the most frequent unsafe condition type (83.55%). For the finding forms, Awkward Body Posture dominated unsafe actions (11.40%), while Poor Housekeeping dominated unsafe conditions (42.12%). Pareto analysis on finding types showed that five of the nine finding types, Work Environment (52.23%), Equipment and Materials Usage (10.22%), Work Supplies (9.54%), Body Position (8.86%), and PPE Usage (8.74%), were classified as vital few, with a cumulative contribution of 89.6% of all findings. These five types became the main priorities for safety control programs in onshore drilling operations.